T4RSP Tax Slips for Canadian Income Taxes

A Canadian T4RSP tax slip, or Statement of RRSP Income, is prepared and issued by a financial institution to tell you and the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) how much money you withdrew from or received out of your RRSPs for a given tax year and how much tax was deducted. A T4RSP slip also shows the amount withdrawn from an RRSP under the Home Buyers Plan and for the Lifelong Learning Plan. Money transferred from an RRSP to a spouse or partner under a court order or written agreement in a marriage or partnership breakdown is also shown on a T4RSP. Residents of Quebec receive a Relevà © 2 (RL-2). Deadline for T4RSP Tax Slips T4RSP tax slips must be issued by the last day of February the year after the calendar year to which the T4RSP tax slips apply. Sample T4RSP Tax Slip This sample T4RSP tax slip from the CRA site shows what a T4RSP tax slip looks like. For more information on what is included in each box on the T4RSP tax slip and how to deal with it when filing your income tax return, click on the box number in the pull-down menu or click on the box on the sample T4RSP tax slip. Filing T4RSP Tax Slips With Your Income Tax Return When you file a paper income tax return, include copies of each of the T4RSP tax slips you receive. If you file your income tax return using NETFILE or EFILE, keep copies of your T4RSP tax slips with your records for six years in case the CRA asks to see them. Missing T4RSP Tax Slips If you havent received a T4RSP slip, file your income tax return by the deadline anyway to avoid penalties for filing your income taxes late. Calculate the income and any related deductions and credits you can claim as closely as you can using any information you have. Include a note with the financial institutions name and address, the type and amount of RRSP income and related deductions, and what you have done to get a copy of the missing T4RSP slip. Include copies of any statements you used in calculating the income and deductions for the missing T4RSP tax slip. Other T4 Tax Information Slips Other T4 tax information slips include: T4 - Statement of Remuneration PaidT4A - Statement of Pension, Retirement, Annuity, and Other IncomeT4A(OAS) - Statement of Old Age SecurityT4A(P) - Statement of Canada Pension Plan BenefitsT4E - Statement of Employment Insurance and Other BenefitsT4RIF - Statement of Income From a Registered Retirement Income Fund

Narration, Metaphors, Images and Symbols in One Flew Over...

Narration, Metaphors, Images and Symbols in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest In 1962, when One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest (the Nest), was published, America was at the start of decade that would be characterized by turmoil. Involvement in Vietnam was increasing, civil rights marches were taking place in the south and a new era of sexual promiscuity and drug use was about to come into full swing. Young Americans formed a subgroup in American society that historians termed the â€Å"counterculture†. The Nest is a product of time when it was written. It is anti-authoritarian and tells the tale of a mans rebelling against the establishment. Kesey used metaphor to make a social commentary on the America of the sixties. In this paper I will†¦show more content†¦It is with this paranoid rambling that the reader meets Bromden. As the first chapter progresses we witness more instances of his troubled mind and his way of describing people as part machine, part human. Nurse Ratched is the called the Big Nurse, by Bromden. His description of her is an exa mple of his ability to link people with machines. She slides through the door with a gust of cold...(the) tip of each finger the same color as her lips. Funny orange. Like the tip of a soldering iron. Color so hot or so cold if she touches you with it you cant tell which. (Pg. 4 Kesey). She has the ability, in Bromdens mind, to increase her size. She, blows up bigger and bigger, big as a tractor, so big you can smell the machinery inside the way you smell a motor pulling too big a load. (Pg 5 Kesey). These descriptions of humans who are made part machine, part human allow the reader to get a clearer understanding of Bromdens illness. This, I believe, is a positive aspect of the novel, however there would seem to be, at least one, negative aspect to Keseys choice of narrators. This choice of narrators for Kesey, in my opinion, may be considered troublesome. He seems to ask the reader to trust the voice of a madman. This seems to do anything but create a narrator who is trustworthy. Upon rereading the Nest, I found myself doubting the narrator because he seems to be inconsistent. In the first section of the

Security Chief at a Manufacturing Company Free Essays

You’re the security chief at a manufacturing company that makes small metal hand tools. The plant employs roughly one hundred people. Management has told you that many tools have disappeared. We will write a custom essay sample on Security Chief at a Manufacturing Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to company records, the plant produces approximately fifty thousand per day, but far fewer are actually being shipped out. After double-checking the figures to ensure their accuracy, you have concluded that pilferage is the only possible explanation. A meal detector positioned at the employee exit near the time clock would catch anyone trying to smuggle tools out of the factory. Because the purchase cost of a metal detector is prohibited, you have decided to rent one. Anyone caught stealing will immediately be fired, and a note to that effect will become part of the individual’s personnel file. You don’t want to create an atmosphere of hostility, but you do need to inform the employees about these developments. Write a memo to be posted on the main bulletin board and sent via e-mail. Dear Employees, Due to recent record inconsistencies, the manufacturing company will be reviewing supply and product expenses. Recently brought to our attention is the shortage of production inventory leaving our warehouse plant. Significant security protocols will be implemented as precautions to help reduce cost wherever possible. We ask all employees to keep an open eye for suspicious behavior. Employees caught taking company supplies for personal use, would be grounds for immediate termination and appropriate legal disciplinary actions. Any incident will be reviewed, recorded, and filed for future reference. We thank you for being a part of our company. If you have any questions, comments, or concerns please contact management. Respectfully, -MD How to cite Security Chief at a Manufacturing Company, Essay examples

Early Childhood Governing Early Childhood Education

Question: Discuss the Report for Early Childhood of Governing Early Childhood Education. Answer: Introduction The children should encourage to takes part in the games in their early childhood as it helps to build social development among them (Anning, Cullen Fleer, 2012). In this scenario, according to various researches the children act differently as per their gender. The researchers identify three main reasons for these types of behaviour of the children. The factors include physical devolvement, cognitive development and social development of the children. The social factor is also a matter of concern for developing gender discrimination among the children. The society treats the children as per their gender that leads to raise the issue among the children. According to AILWOOD (2013), in order to understand the issue of gender discrimination among the children, the two theories called as Biological theory and Piaget theory is very helpful. The biological theory indicates the physical changes among the children as per their gender whereas the Piaget theory considers the ethical aspects of the children. This essay paper also includes the issues faced by the educator to promote the non-gendered plays in the schools. To promote the non-gendered plays in the schools, the society, educators and the families of the children plays a vital role. They should treat their children equal irrespective of their gender. Analysis of the paper Reasons why boys and girls play differently in the school age years Plays are essential for the development of the children. Play is also a medium for social learning for the children. It also helps to reduce gender differences among the children (Edmiston, 2007). As per many researchers, the boys and girls participate in the games in their early childhood irrespective of their gender, but with their increasing age the children starts behaving as per their gender. There are many reasons why the boys and the girls play differently in the school age years. The factors that affect the behaviour of the children in their school age are physical development, cognitive development, and social development. Physical Development: One of the major factors that affect the behaviour of the children in their childhood is the physical development of the children (Earick, 2010). The different level of physical development of the boys and girls is one of the key reasons why the boys and girls act differently in their childhood. As per many researchers, the girls play more attention in listen to the instructions of the plays than the boys. So the attentive attitude of the girls leads to help them to follow the play instructions without any interruptions (Russell, 2012). It also found in researches that the boys utilize one lateral portion of their brain to do a specific task whereas the girls use both sides of their brain during any task or special activity. In addition to this, the girls utilize their feelings as well as their thinking power during any special activity. So due to the different physical development of the boys and girls, they perform differently during the plays at the schools. Cognitive Development: The Kohlberg theory of cognitive development is also a reason for the different behaviour of the children as per their gender. As per this theory, there are three stages to obtain gender constancy that are gender individuality, gender stability and gender consistency. As per gender individuality, the boy and girls are totally different from each other as per the physical appearances (Gordon, 2012). The gender stability explains that the children slowly understand that the boys will grow up to men where as the girls will grow up to be women. The gender consistency relates the thinking of the children that they remain same irrespective of their participation in the games. Because of these factors the children started to act differently as per their gender. Social Development: The social factor is one among the major factors that leads to create discrimination among the children (Sheridan, Harding Meldon-Smith, 2012). The society has the tendency to treat the children as per their gender that leads to create inequality among the children as per their gender. This leads to bias the thinking of the children as per their gender and also lead to understand the real world as per the gender discrimination. Analysis of the relevant theories to explain the gender differences in school-aged children There are many theories that help to understand about the gender differences among the school going children. Biological theory and Piaget theory are most important in this scenario. Biological Theory: This theory also called as the hormonal theory (Krogh Slentz, 2011). According to this theory, the sex hormones play a significant role behind the transformation of the behaviour of the people as per their gender. This theory also states that during the phase of gender development, the sex hormones distress the brain as per the sexual variation. Piaget Theory: In the case of gender variation, the Piaget theory is also a major aspect to observe the differences in social communication as well as in games (McMillan, 2008). As per his observation, the girls games comparatively simpler than the boys games. He also includes that the girls are more ethical during their plays compare to the boys. In addition to this, the theory also states that the games of the girls are with legal embellishment. Identification of the issues that educators may face in promoting non-gendered play in school aged children The educator faces many issues in promoting non-gendered plays in the schools. According to the biological theory, the sexual hormones affect the behaviour of the children as per their gender that lead to create discrimination among the children according their gender. In addition to this the physical development of the children is also different as per their gender (Rushton, 2011). As per many researchers, with the increasing age the children, the behaviour of the children get changed as per their gender. The girls became more ethical during their plays compare to the boys. In addition to this, the games of the girls are comparatively simpler than the games of the boys. So the educators face difficulties in promoting non-gendered plays in the schools. In addition to this, the roles of society are also vital in this scenario. The society treats the children as per their gender that leads to create discrimination among the children about this issue (Roskos Christie, 2010). Cognitive development of the children also leads to create problem for the educators to promote the non-gendered plays in schools. According to the cognitive development of the children, the physical appearances of the children are different as per their gander. In addition to this, the cognitive development also states that the children gradually understand that the girls will be grown up to be a woman and the boys are grown up to be a man (Russell, 2012). These issues lead to create difficulties for the educators to promote anti gender games in the schools. Recommendations for both families and educations to address gendered play in school-aged children Certain recommendations can be suggested in this respect to promote equality among the children and encourage anti gender play for the children: Both their educators and their family members should create awareness among the children about the anti bias gender attitude among the children in their early childhood, (Roskos Christie, 2010). The educator and family members should think positively about this issue and treat all the children equal irrespective of their gender that helps to promote anti gender attitude among the children. The educators must treat all the children equal irrespective of their gender and family back grounds. The educator should promote team gaming in the school premises to encourage anti gender attitude among the children in their early childhood (Saracho, 2015). The families of the children should encourage their children to take part in the gaming events of the schools to create awareness among the children about the fact of non-gender play in schools. In addition to this, the society must treat all the children equally irrespective of their gender, to promote non-gender attitude among the children. Conclusion This essay paper raised the topic of promoting non-gendered plays in the schools. Game is an effective way to promote social development among the children. Participation in the games effectively helps the children to be physically fit (Sheridan, Harding Meldon-Smith, 2012). The children should take part in the games irrespective of their gender. There are many factors that create discrimination among the children as per their gender. The physical development, cognitive development and the social development also lead to create discrimination among the children as per their gender. To promote non-gendered plays in the schools, the educators should treat all their students equal irrespective of their gender and family back ground and encourage them to effectively take part in the gaming events. The parents of the children also treat their children equal and also encourage them to play as a team in the school plays. For social development of the children they should play as a team irr espective of their gender. References AILWOOD, J. (2013). Governing Early Childhood Education through Play.Contemporary Issues In Early Childhood,4(3), 286. https://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2003.4.3.5 Anning, A., Cullen, J., Fleer, M. (2012).Early childhood education. London: SAGE. Earick, M. (2010). The Power of Play and Language on Early Childhood Racial Identity in Three U.S. Schools.Diaspora, Indigenous, And Minority Education,4(2), 131-145. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15595691003635955 Edmiston, B. (2007).Forming ethical identities in early childhood play. London: Routledge. ERWIN, E. DELAIR, H. (2009). Patterns of Resistance and Support among Play-based Teachers in Public Schools.Contemporary Issues In Early Childhood,5(1), 35. https://dx.doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2004.5.1.7 Gordon, I. (2012).Early childhood education. [Chicago]: NSSE; distributed by the University of Chicago Press. Hall, N., Larson, J., Marsh, J. (2010).Handbook of early childhood literacy. London: Sage Publications. Krogh, S. Slentz, K. (2011).The early childhood curriculum. Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Luckey, A. Fabes, R. (2006). Understanding Nonsocial Play in Early Childhood.Early Childhood Education Journal,33(2), 67-72. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10643-006-0054-6 McMillan, M.(2008). Early childhood. Roskos, K. Christie, J. (2010).Play and literacy in early childhood. Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Rushton, S. (2011). Neuroscience, Early Childhood Education and Play: We are Doing it Right!.Early Childhood Education Journal,39(2), 89-94. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0447-z Russell, B. (2012).On education especially in early childhood. London: George Allen Unwin Ltd. Saracho, O. (2015). Bullying Prevention Strategies in Early Childhood Education.Early Childhood Education Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10643-016-0793-y Sheridan, M., Harding, J., Meldon-Smith, L. (2012).Play in early childhood. London: Routledge.

Tall Stories Essays - Skyscrapers, Vortices, Structural Engineering

Tall Stories Picture in your mind the skyline of downtown Toronto. There's the CN Tower, of course, and the 72-floor First Canadian Place, the city's tallest skyscraper. Cascading from there are the assorted banks and hotels and insurance towers. Now, use your imagination to construct some new buildings, these ones reaching three, four and five times higher than the others. Top it all off with a skyscraper one mile high (three times as high as the CN Tower). Sound fanciful? It did 30 years ago when Frank Lloyd Wright proposed the first mile-high building. But not today. We are now said to be entering the age of the superskyscraper, with tall buildings poised to take a giant new leap into the sky. Skyscrapers approaching the mile mark may still be awhile off, but there are proposals now for megastructures soaring 900 m -- twice as high as the world's tallest building, the 110-story Sears Tower in Chicago. Suppose that you were asked to erect such a building. How would you do it? What are the obstacles you'd face? What materials would you use? And where would you put it? Building a superskyscraper, the first thing you would need is a considerable slice of real estate. Tall buildings require a large base to support their load and keep them stable. In general, the height of a building should be six times its base, so, for a skyscraper 900-m tall, you'd need a base of 150 square m. That much space is hard to come by in, say, downtown Toronto, forcing you to look for an undeveloped area, perhaps the Don Valley ravine, next to the Science Centre. Bear in mind though that the Don Valley is overlain by loose sand and silt, and tall buildings must stand on firm ground, or else risk the fate of edifices like the Empress Hotel in Victoria. This grand dowager, completed in 1908, long before the science of soil mechanics, has since found herself slowly sinking into the soft clay. Soil analysis is especially critical in facing the threat of earthquakes. The Japanese have learned many times the hard way what happens when an earth tremor shakes a high-rise constructed on soft, wet sand. The quake's enormous energy severs the loose connections between the individual grains, turning the ground into quicksand in just seconds and swallowing up the building. . Engineers have actually built machines that condense loose ground. One machine pounds the earth with huge hammers. Another plunges a large vibrating probe into the ground, like a blender in a milk shake, stirring up the sand so that its structure collapses and the individuals grains fall closer together. Anchoring a skyscraper in the Don Valley would best be solved by driving long steel piles down through the sand and silt into the underlying hard clay till. Or, if the clay till lies too far underground, inserting more piles into the sand. The friction between sand and so much steel would then be sufficient to hold the concrete foundation above in place. The next obstacle in erecting a superskyscraper, and perhaps the biggest one, is wind. Tall buildings actually sway in the breeze, in much the same way that a diving board bends under the weight of a diver. Building an edifice that doesn't topple over in the wind is easy enough. The real challenge is keeping the structure so stiff that it doesn't swing too far, cracking partitions, shattering windows and making the upper occupants seasick. As a rule, the top of skyscraper should never drift more than 1/400 of its height at a wind velocity of 150 km/h. Older buildings, like the Empire State Building, were built so that their core withstood all bending stresses. But structural engineers have since found that by shifting the bracing and support to the perimeter of a building, it can better resist high winds. The most advanced buildings are constructed like a hollow tube, with thin, outer columns spaced tightly together and welded to broad horizontal beams. Toronto's First Canadian Place and New York's World Trade Center towers are all giant, framed tubes. A superskyscraper would undoubtedly need extra rigidity, which you could add by bracing its framework

Department of Education Essay Example

Department of Education Essay Example Department of Education Essay Department of Education Essay The United States Department of Education also referred to as ED or the ED for (the) Education Department, is the smallest Cabinet-level department of the United States government (U. S. Department of Education). It is an agency set up by the federal government to establish policies and regulations for administrators, and coordinates many federal aids to education (U. S. Department of Education). It assists the president in executing his educational policies (U. S. Department of Education). The Department of Education purpose is to assist America’s students, and to make sure everyone has equal access to education (U. S. Department of Education). When congress passed the public law in 1979 creating the Department of Education it also declared these purposes; to strengthen federal commitment to making sure everyone has equal access to education, to supplement the state and local school system, to encourage the public, parents and students to be involves in federal educational programs, to help with improvements in the school system by gathering data and sharing information with them, to improve with coordination of federal educational programs, to help improve the efficiency of educational programs, including the dispersal of funds, and also to increase the accountability of federal education programs to the president, congress, and the public (U. S. Department of Education). The Department of Education is fairly new itself, but it dates back to 1867 (U. S. Department of Education). The first Department of Education was created by President Andrew Johnson (U. S. Department of Education). Its main purpose was to collect information about America’s schools (U. S. Department of Education). Many people were afraid the Department of Education would have too much control over state and local schools, therefore it was eliminated (U. S. Department of Education). In 1868, the new Department of Education was an Office of Education (U. S. Department of Education). In the 1950’s, the Department of Education was in need of expansion in federal funding (U. S. Department of Education). Again in the 1960’s the Department of Education received an expansion in federal funding (U. S. Department of Education). President Johnsons War on Poverty required the creation of many more programs to improve education, primarily for underprivileged youth from grade school through Post-secondary schooling (U. S. Department of Education). The Department of Education continued to expand with the needs of racial minorities, women, people with disabilities, and non-English speaking students (U. S. Department of Education). In October 1979 Congress passed the U. S. Department of Education Organization Act (U. S. Department of Education). The Department of Education is headquartered in Washington, D. C. , where about 3,600 staff work in several buildings (U. S. Department of Education). Another 1,400 staff work in ED’s ten regional offices (U. S. Department of Education). These offices help represent ED’s goals and views in their particular region, especially in the area of student financial assistance, civil rights enforcement, vocational rehabilitation services, and audits and investigations (U. S. Department of Education). The budget and workforce of the Department of Education has changed drastically over the past 150 years. In the 1860’s the budget was $15,000 and only had 4 employees, by the 1960’s the budget was $1. 5 billion and had more than 2000 employees, and as of 2002, the Department of Education had a budget of $54. 5 billion and almost 5,000 employees (U. S. Department of Education). Although the number of employees has not changed much in the last ten years the budget has fluctuated from year to year. The 2012 overall budget is set for $77 billion which is an increase of 11% over the 2011 budget (Anderson). The amount for the 2012 budget has not been approved by Congress and is being funded through continuing resolutions (Anderson). The Department of Education has four main duties (U. S. Department of Education). First, the Department of Education establishes policies relating to financial aid, distributes said funds, and monitors their use (U. S. Department of Education). The second duty is to collect data and supervise research on America’s schools and relays information to the public (U. S. Department of Education). The third duty of the Department of Education is to identify major issues and problems in education and draw them to the attention of the public (U. S. Department of Education). The fourth and final main duty of the Department of Education is to enforce federal statutes prohibiting discrimination in federally funded programs, and to ensure equal access to all (U. S. Department of Education). How is the Department of Education organized? The secretary of education, Arne Duncan, leads the Department of Education and publicizes the goals and objectives of the Department of Education (U. S. Department of Education). The secretary of education is a member of the president’s cabinet and is the main advisor to the president on anything to do with the Department of Education (U. S. Department of Education). The secretary of education is nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate (U. S. Department of Education). The deputy secretary and the under-secretary help the secretary of education in the overall scheme of things in the Department of Education (U. S. Department of Education). The secretary of education also appoints an assistant to manage the eight program offices (U. S. Department of Education). These offices include: the office of English Language Acquisition, Office for Civil Rights, Office of Innovation and Improvement, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Post-Secondary Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Office of Federal Student Aid, and Office of Vocational and Adult Education (U. S. Department of Education). The Office of General Counsel provides the secretary of education and other Department of Education officials with legal services (U. S. Department of Education). The Office of General Counsel also prepares documents, and oversees the regulatory review process (U. S. Department of Education). The Inspector General audits and investigates Department of Education programs to detect and prevent fraud and abuse (U. S. Department of Education). The office of Public Affairs supports the secretary of education at public functions and also provides information pertaining to education to the media, students, parents, and the public (U. S. Department of Education). The Office of Legislation and Congressional Affairs deal with external relations and also serve as a contact for the Department of Education to Congress (U. S. Department of Education). The Office of Intergovernmental and Interagency Affairs serves as the contact to state and local agencies (U. S. Department of Education). The Planning and Evaluation Services are involved with program evaluations, planning, and policy analysis (U. S. Department of Education). They also work with the Budget Service (U. S. Department of Education). The Office of Management, the Office of the Chief Financial Officer, and the Office of the Chief Information Officer handles Department of Education Operations (U. S. Department of Education). The Department of Education is a very complex system and requires a large organizational structure. This form of management is very successful due to the fact that it has worked for the Department of Education for the past twenty-five years. Any company or governmental agency such as the Department of Education must grow with the times, but for the most part the organizational style chosen here has remained the same. There is no need to change something that is functional. References Anderson, Nick. Budget 2012: Department of Education. Washington Post (2011): n. pag. Web. 08 Jul 2011. . U. S. Department of Education. Washington, D. C. : , 2009. Web. 8 Jul 2011. .

Film Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Studies - Essay Example The film Amelie begins with an omniscient narrator detailing the likes and dislikes of Amelie’s parents providing insight into Amelie’s formative childhood that led to her introspective personality. Both parents eschew touching. For example, the father hates his swimming costume sticking to his legs and the mother hates when someone brushes her hand. Although the child-Amelie craves physical affection, her father only touches her once a month with his stethoscope during her check-up. Excited by this contact, Amelie’s heartbeat quickens causing her father to diagnose her with a heart condition that causes her to become home schooled by her neurotic mother. Amelie develops into an extraordinarily imaginative child whose only friend is a suicidal goldfish. Yet, Amelie is not simply a recluse; she shows a spark for something more in her life. She craves tactile pleasure eating raspberries from her fingertips, pulling â€Å"glue skin† from her finger, running h er finger around a wineglass top, or plunging her hand into a sack of beans. She also demonstrates an ability to feel her interconnectedness with society at large as well as a bit of fire for harmless revenge. When a nasty neighbor tricks Amelie into believing that her taking photographs lead to a car accident and other citywide accidents, she innately believes in her ability to connect with others in this unseen, spiritual way. Yet, once she realizes the neighbor’s trick, the cheeky Amelie revenges the avid football fan by unplugging his TV at pivotal match moments. Quite opposite to Amelie’s solitary upbringing, her future love Nino suffered a fate much like Oskar from Let The Right One In as classmates bully both. Of course, Nino’s bullying is slanted towards humor, yet Oskar’s world of isolation is far more detrimental, sad, and violent. Oskar’s divorced mother and father seem completely disconnected from their son. Oskar retreats into an imagi nary world where he is the tough bully threatening and debasing weaker boys. The film opens with the prepubescent Oskar standing shirtless holding a small knife commanding an unseen foe to â€Å"Squeal like a pig† (Lindqvist). Oskar is attempting to reverse the power relationship between himself and the bullies by inventing his own bully identity within the mirror image reflected in his apartment window. Of course, neither Oskar nor Amelie’s identities remain unchanged by their films’ conclusions. Within Amelie’s world, hearing the shocking report of Lady Diana’s death causes Amelie to drop a bottle top that nocks loose a tile revealing a long lost box of a child’s treasures. Frances notes â€Å"Princess Di, often referred to in the film†¦represented for the collective, heart values that lie in the shadow of cultures† (2003). Inspired to find the owner and become an agent of kindness, Amelie enters a manic world where characters drives plot and plot drives characters. Riding the maze-like subway, Amelie locates the owner, who is so touched by this anonymous gift that he vows to reconnect with his daughter to meet his grandson. Just as characters incite change within each other in Amelie’

To what extent are filmic techniques such as camera angles used to Essay

To what extent are filmic techniques such as camera angles used to assert the overall importance of religious themes in Pulp Fic - Essay Example The camera shots are essential in every film analysis. Camera angle is another important technique used in analyzing a movie and in film making industry. They help to create the meaning of the film to those watching. The difference between camera angles and camera shots is that as the camera angle helps the viewer to differentiate the characters in a film the camera shots shows the amount of space and the setting. Camera angle has its examples, and they are the eye level angle, birds eye angle, Dutch angle and low angle. Other techniques include the Evangeline shots which is creating blurred images as a result of extreme close ups and zooming abruptly. Cinematography is another technique which combines all the above technique that is lighting, camera angle, and camera shots. Having discussed the above the difference between camera shots and camera angles should always be made (skwirk, 2013, 1) the film â€Å"Pulp Fiction† can be analyzed in more than two different perspectives . The first is use of the camera angles to state the importance of religious themes. The guide to this is due to the fact that it is a Christian based movie. In the search for the religious aspects, we bear in mind that as Christians, we are guided by the Ten Commandments that help us shape our behaviors in our relationship with God and other human beings. We find that despite, the movie pulp fiction being filled with violence and scenes unpleasing to the eye; it has hidden Christian themes both good and bad. For instance, Its director Quentin Tarantino makes the themes of immorality among humans, the paths that humans take differently in life, the risk of living recklessly and the inception of death visible to the viewer. With the leading man as John Travolta with co-actors Samuel L Jackson and Uma Thurman, camera angle technique helps the viewer’s grasp the relationship between the characters and bring us closer to their realization. The best example is in the scene where J ules (Samuel L. Jackson) comes to a near death encounter, and it is in this case that he starts posing questions about life, the power of God, and why his encounter with death never terminated his life. The film gives us the events where he ponders everything in his life and even quitting his job for the reason that it was to God’s sign for him to quit the bad things. There is also the situation in which we find Jules misquoting the Bible in a cold murder. This was in the encounter of Brett with Vincent and Jules the two hit men working for the feared kingpin Marsellus Wallace. They had gone to retrieve something valuable in a suitcase that was held by individuals that would be crooks led by Brett. The two men retrieve the belonging of Wallace and later kill Brett and Jules recite the Bible from Ezekiel 25, and it quotes â€Å"The path of the honorable man is overwhelmed on all sides by the iniquities of the self-centered and the autocracy of evil men. Holy is he who, in the name of contributions and good will, shepherds the scrawny through the gorge of darkness, for he is truthfully his brother's keeper and the finder of lost children. I will hit down upon thee with great retaliation and fuming anger those who would effort to poison and obliterate my brothers. You will recognize my name is the Lord when I lay my reprisal upon thee.†(Biola, 2013). The ungodly themes that are condemned by the commandments and the actors tend to bend the command is in the situation

Memorandum Introduction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Memorandum Introduction - Assignment Example A perplexing matter that requires more analysis is why are these residents participating in risky illegal affairs that can result to drastic measures? The paucity of affordable housing in New York City has contributed to most individuals in the city residing, in makeshift apartments. The housing experts estimate that there are 100,000 illegal apartments in New York City. Last year, Buildings Department officials acknowledged 18,126 complaints concerning illegal units (Belsha, n.d.). Furthermore, the group of poor homeowners who pay more than half their income in mortgage are struggling to hold onto their homes, thus are renovating their basement and cellars for occupation. The DOB issues annually more than 4,440 violations for illegal conversion of basements, cellars, and attics: - which are not fit for human occupancy due to health and safety risks as specified by The New York City Building or Housing Maintenance code, Article 5- Occupancy of cellars and basements. Councilman Lander, you have asked me to explore the legalization of basement units, including through the new city council legislation based on the standardization of safety and health measures. In this memo, I will evaluate stakeholder interests, by restoring the preferences given to homeless families. This will be achieved by the creation of a new rent financial support program and reformation of DOB code, Article 5- Occupancy of cellars and basements; that will create a momentous dent in restructuring building codes outlawing basement

Creation of a Theatre Booking System

Creation of a Theatre Booking System Emmett Harkin Cathal Murray Conor McCallion Bebito Jacob The problem brief which we have decided as a group is the Theatre booking system. The problem is that the theatre wants to develop a new ticketing system for the customers. This system can be a terminal located in the theatre, mobile application, or interactive device. The system needs to consider how information relating to events, seating plans is displayed. The reasons why we are undertaking this project because there are many problems we can fix as a team for example: If you make a payment many theatres make it difficult to cancel tickets so you dont get a refund on tickets. Language Barriers when displaying the interface site, Customers could make the mistake of choosing the wrong seats and the wrong night and the payment problems after the customer makes the booking on the tickets so their card might not have been accepted and requires to start the process over again and the aim is to make this system simplistic as possible for the end user. But The main problem that we are trying to address within this system is displaying the availability of seats for each performance within a time limit.   So, when the users are looking for tickets for a specific performance then there should be a time limit of 5 minutes for each person so they reserve those seats depending on how many tickets they are looking for because they will be more than one customer on the one server trying to get those tickets and seats for the specific night. The customer might change his/her mind and cancel those tickets for the performance so the other user can buy the available tickets. It will then display the seating plan and what seats are available on the night of the performance. Some customers may require disability assistance so the user can tick the checkbox and a line of text which will provide the best seating for this person and it will make sure that there will be someone seating beside this including with another person. This topic requires investigation because as a team we can fix the problem above and what were trying to address to make sure that the customer gets the best experience of the interface and can follow the process of fixing the problem of the current system.       2.1 PACT Analysis People With the booking system being available to everyone this means it should be as generic aspossible to ensure all users have an equal chance when using the system. All users will have different physical ability, computing knowledge etc. so this means that the system must cater for all. There will be a help page with a user guide so no matter what level users are at they will be able to navigate through the website with ease. The layout of the website will be simple and consistent to ensure a professional look which will again ensure easy navigation for the user. Activities With this application it should be effortless for users purchasing a ticket for a show andthere will be multiple ways in doing this, e.g. searching for a show by genre. The process in purchasing a ticket is very simple, first choose the show they would like to see, which ever date and time and then confirm the booking of the ticket(s). Once the ticket(s) have been booked then the user will be given a reference number which they will have to bring to the theatre with them. This reference number will be entered into a kiosk and their ticket(s) will be dispensed. Context The context in which a theatre customer is presented depends largely on the circumstances which the customer finds time to order theatre tickets for a specific performance. There may be non-English speaking people who wish to buy tickets. Therefore, we could have a language changing facility where a dropdown menu showing displaying a language text as well as a national flag to make selection more convenient. People who visit the website may be sight disabled, and many older people possess this disability, in this case a pan and zoom facility might be introduced. Technologies A webpage may be viewed on a variety of devices. These could be PC,laptop, internet TV, mobile device such as smartphones, etc.   we will have to make the webpage viewable for different sizes of screenwith input and output selectable and viewable by allocating ample space for controls and viewable images. We should also consider the constraints of the small space of a webpage presentation on a mobile device. Controls likewise must be sized appropriately on a mobile device for more convenient use by the user. 2.2 Persona User Stories Conceptual Scenarios and Concrete Scenarios Name: John Parker Gender: Male Age: 45 Education Level: Degree in Computing Occupation Level and Job: Senior Systems Analyst 10+ years experience Income:  £40,000- 50,000, Family Life: Married with two children Personal interests/activities Enjoys different types of genres of performance: Including  Comedy, Musical, Opera and Variety Shows etc. And like watching sports like football  and golf. Knowledge level of the system we are developing for is for an experienced  user as John works within the computing business as a senior systems analyst and  has a degree in Computing and has also over 10 years experience in this field. Attitude towards and level of interest in the system John is very interested in the  workings of this system and is very eager wanting to know how the required system  needs to work and how to make it as easy as possible for John to work this system as  he is already an experienced user. User Stories John decided to booked a performance for les Miserables on the  Thursday 20th February 2017 and 19.45pm for two adults, two children and Johns  Mum who requires assistance. The total cost for the five tickets altogether costs  Ã‚ £109.50.   But the problem was that John would not make the show due to working  duties and he needs to change the date of the performance and doesnt want to cancel  the tickets. So, John rang the theatre box office and John asked if they could change  the date to the Friday the 21st of February at 20.00pm and they confirmed that it will  be the same price and same seats and they will be assistance required on the night  of the performance. Conceptual Scenarios Booking a theatrical performance- People which have the basic computing skills will be able to contact the theatre box office anytime via the internet by searching for the contact number and rectifying any changers that can be made and will be able to book tickets, choose a time and date. The John will receive confirmation of the performance. Concrete Scenarios a Booking a theatre performance John needs to change the date and time for the show which is next week. The date and time will need to be tomorrow around 7.30-8pm. John uses his PC and the internet at his work. He has no difficulty in checking his theatre booking system. 1. He logs in My Account and check is booking and clicks on change date and time and then receives the confirmation of the change date and time of the performance. (See Appendix for More Scenarios and User Stories) 2.3 Use Cases 1. Searching for performances- When a customer enters the website of the main page the customer can search for the different types of performances in the whats on page within the main page the customer can scroll down sorted by date or can search for a specific performance in the search box within the header of the page. (See Appendix for more Use Cases to support information) 2.4 HTA Analysis Customer Purchasing Ticket for Booking Performance 1. Selecting a Performance, 2. Checking/date Availability, 3. Ticket pricing/selection- (3.1 Ticket pricing Families, 3.2 Ticket pricing concessionary/disability, 3.3 Ticket pricing adult, 3.4 Ticket pricing child, 3.5 ticket pricing infant), 4. Seat Selection  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚     Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   5. Make a payment (5.1 Payment via debit/credit card, 5.2 PayPal, 5.3 Cash)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ €šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   6. Generate Tickets/Receipt (6.1 Deliver ticket via post, 6.2 via email, 6.3 reserve at local theatre) (See Appendix for more HTA Analysis) 2.5 Requirements Specification We have refined and prioritised the Requirements using the MoSCoW approach into a detailed requirements specification. (See appendix for interview and questions and more prioritised requirements). Must Have The Theatre system must provide the user with information of all current shows The system shall enable customer or visitor to view list of performances displayed at each venue by date and time. The system must provide the user with information of upcoming events/shows The system must allow users to book a quantity of tickets for a show within a time limit. The system would have allowed seat selection for people who need assistance because according to the guardian Disability people would get the worst seats when watching movies or performances (www.theguardian.com) The system must provide users with a booking confirmation Should Have The Theatre system shall have search function. Customer can search performances based on performance name, date, time and venue. The booking system shall function to create account. The system shall record all the following data from the customer, except for the optional fields, all other data is mandatory. Could Have The speed of the system will allow customers to reserve tickets quickly. The system must have backed up data every 24 hours and the backup copies stored in online cloud information service Wont Have (For later development) The system shall have username and password recovery function. The system shall ask Security Questions that customer entered during registration. 3.1 Sketches/Screen Design of Storyboard of the Foyle Theatre booking System 3.2 Sketches of Site map/Navigation Diagram for purchasing Tickets 3.3 Wireframes of the Home Page and Performance Page (See appendix for more Wire Frame design of the interface). 3.4 UI Mock-up/Paper Prototype of Home Page and Choose Performance Page (See appendix for more UI Mock-up/Paper Prototypeof the interface). http://guides.library.ulster.ac.uk/content.php?pid=459328sid=3760470 https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2011/aug/25/disabled-cinemagoers-worst-seats-campaign http://www.reallyusefultheatres.co.uk/our-theatres/about/adelphi/30 http://www.delfontmackintosh.co.uk/Theatres/NovelloTheatre/NovelloTheatre_Access.asp http://www.shaftesburytheatre.com/your-visit/access-information/ https://www.eno.org/your-visit/disabled-access/ http://www.theatrepeople.com/info/frequently-asked-questions https://help.ticketmaster.co.uk/why-is-there-a-time-limit-when-i-book-tickets-online/ https://www.eventbrite.com/support/articles/en_US/How_To/how-to-increase-or-decrease-the-amount-of-time-to-complete-an-order?lg=en_US www.gentingarena.co.uk/venue-info/disabled-visitors/ http://www.millenniumforum.co.uk/about-us/accessible-facilities/ https://www.cheaptheatretickets.com/london-theatre-access/ https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/your-visit/access www.malvern-theatres.co.uk/your-visit/disabled-access https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/your-visit/access https://www.moneyadviceservice.org.uk/en/articles/money-saving-tips-and-discounts-for-disabled-people Persona User Stories Conceptual Scenarios and Concrete Scenarios Name Michael      Gender MaleAge 20Education level University StudentOccupation and level at job Part time sales advisorIncome  £8,000 + student loanFamily life In a relationshipPersonal interests/activities Football and computingKnowledge level of the system you are developing for Experienced user as he studies computing at university Attitude toward and level of interest in system Interested in the new system because there is a way of reserving a ticket Story: I am planning on buying a ticket to a show in the theatre to surprise my girlfriend for  her birthday. The problem I have is that I am unable to purchase anything online  because I dont have a credit/debit card. Everything I buy needs to be paid for with  cash. So, I was hoping there would be a system implemented that I could reserve a  ticket and then pay with cash whenever I get to the theatre. With me being at university  and, working part time I will have to find out the times of each show and what days  they are on and either book it off with work or try and fit in with my days off. Conceptual Scenario: Purchasing a ticket For a user looking to purchase a ticket then there are multiple options for doing so. These would be paying with credit card, PayPal as an option or if the user doesnt  choose paying by card then they have an option to reserve a ticket and then pay by  cash when they arrive at the theatre. Users can also search through different shows  for different dates and it will show what time these shoes commence at. Concrete Scenario:Michael needs to book two tickets for him and his girlfriend to see a show for her birthday. He does not own a debit/credit card so he is unable to book a ticket online. With his university commitments and him working part time he has no time to go to the theatre and sort it there. This means he will need to reserve a ticket and then pay for it with cash when he arrives. He then needs to check the website for all dates and times of each show to sort a show that he is free for. Name: Sean Gender: MaleAge: 34Education: BSc Computer ScienceFull Time/ Part time Job: Full time ProgrammerIncome:  £34,000.Family life: Married, 3 children under 6. Hobbies/activities: Rugby, Gaelic and Computing Knowledge level of the system you are developing for: Experience in C++, C#, Java and HTML learned through university degree. Interest in system: The existing system doesnt accommodate the purchase of snacks online. Persona: I have persona I have chosen is that of a family who wants to pre-buy the snacks for the cinema in order to get into the theatre faster and with less hassle. Currently it is not possible to pre-buy snacks or drinks online. The family wants to pre-purchase the snacks along with their tickets so they can get into the cinema without having to wait. Story: A family wants to pre-buy the snacks along with their cinema ticket. There are three children under the age of 6 in the family. The parents had a negative experience at the cinema before on a release of a major title. They found that it was difficult to wait in a long line with three kids and the whole process lasted over half an hour. By pre-purchasing the snacks, they wouldnt have to wait in the long line and instead go in without having to wait. Conceptual Scenario:The customer will have the option to pre-purchase a variety of different foods and drinks online. Only the most popular foods will be made available online in case there is an issue with their availability. The customer can pay for the snacks with a credit, debit card or PayPal. Once the ticket is ordered an email will be sent to the customer. The email will have a digital copy of the ticket with seat allocations and a unique key that will be useful later. Once the customer is at the cinema, they can avoid the regular line and go to the ticket machine where they have to enter the code they received in the email and print the ticket. Once the ticket is printed they can go ahead to the barrier and scan the ticket to access the theatre. Once the ticket is scanned staff working in the kiosk are prompted with the snacks they ordered and their seat allocations so it can be brought to them before the movie. Use Cases 2. Booking some performance/performances- When the customer has chosen their performance the customer can choose how many tickets that the customer wants and choosing the seat selection for the person/people for this performance on the specific data the customer has chosen. 4. Payment of performances- When the customer has chosen how many tickets he/she wants and picked the seats required, the customer can make the payment on tickets by a few payment options either credit/debit card, PayPal, or cash at the theatre. 5. Generate Tickets/Modify Tickets When the customer has completed the payment of the tickets the customer will getting a booking ID number and would say congratulations on buying your tickets and they will be delivered to you by the choice of the customer wants for example by email, by post or reserve and collect at the theatre. 6. Update Shows of Performance- The Theatre Manager is responsible for making sure that the shows will be updated and no old shows or shows that are over are displayed to the customer and will also show new shows coming soon to the theatre. 7. Generate Reports-   The Theatre Manager must make sure that the reports will be generated every few weeks about how many people are attending each show? what is the most popular night within the theatre for a show? How much money is incoming per show? How much is required outgoing to pay the staff and performers within the theatre? 5.3 HTA Analysis- Modify tickets, Generate Report, Manage Theatre Information 1.Select My Account to login for modifying select tickets, 2. My account requires username and password, 3. Cancel Tickets (3.1 Full Refund within two days before performance, 3.2 Partial Refund if cancel within one day of performance, 3.3 No Refund if cancel tickets on the day of performance), 4. Change Performance(4.1 Change Date/Time of performance depending of availability within five days of performance, 5.2 Change seating plan depending on availability within five days of performance) 5. Confirmation of change via receipt Group and Order Report by Date, 1.1.1. Enter Start Date, 1.1.2 Enter End Date 1.1.3 View Report pricing/selection Group and Order Report by Show- 2.1.1 Choose show from list of shows,2.1.2 View Report. 1.1 Add Show, 1.1.1 Look for available date in calendar, 1.1.2 Enter Show information, (1.1.2.1 Enter Name of Show, 1.1.2.2 Enter Show Images, 1.1.2.3 Enter age view rating) 2.1 Edit a Show , 2.1.1 Look for a show in list, 2.1.2 Modify show information(2.1.2.1 Modify name of show, 2.1.2.2 Modify show images, 2.1.2.3 Modify age view rating), 2.1.3 Submit information, 3.1 View a show(3.1.1 Look for a show in list and select it), 4.1 Delete a show, 4.1.1 Look for a show and select it, 4.1.2(automatic deletion of show when date expires) Requirements Specification We have refined and prioritised the Requirements using the MoSCoW approach into a detailed requirements specification. Must Have Username Password Password Confirmation. First Name Last Name Street Address 1, Postcode, City/Town Country Telephone Number Mobile Number Should Have Bank/Building Society name Card number Sort code Expiry date Issue date Security key Could Have Fax Number (Optional) Foyle Theatre Priority Member Card Security Questions Security Answer Check box, whether customer want to receive newsletter via email The system shall send activation link via email to customer to activate the account. Wont Have (For later development) Develop an Android Application system Develop an IOS Application for this system Interview Transcript Interviewer: Name? Stakeholder: James Gallagher Interviewer: Company / Department? Stakeholder: Foyle Theatre Interviewer: Title / Role? Stakeholder: Manager Interviewer: Primary responsibility? Stakeholder: To ensure that every night the theatre runs as smoothly as possible Interviewer: What tasks are you responsible for completing? Stakeholder: I would have to plan any events for the coming future, I would ensure staff are trained to the highest level. I also discuss different matters with other theatre managers to ensure I can keep the theatre as up to date as possible. Interviewer: To whom are you responsible for performing these tasks? Stakeholder: To both my staff and to the customers Interviewer: What problems do you run into in your day-to-day work? Stakeholder: Typical problems would be, customers sitting in the wrong seats. Customers not having reserved the correct number of tickets before arriving. Customers arriving at the wrong time for the same show. Customers arriving to a different show than what they bought a ticket for. Interviewer: Is there a standard way of solving it, or do you have a workaround? Stakeholder:These problems can be solved but it is normally down to the customer to help us out, for example for anyone sitting in the incorrect seat if they will be asked to move or if not we would ask the people who reserved these seats to sit elsewhere if they dont mind. Interviewer: Why is this a problem? Stakeholder:Its a problem because some people need the seats they have chosen due to disabilities or whatever. Interviewer: How do you solve the problem today? Stakeholder: If anyone is in the incorrect seat they are asked to move to the correct one. Interviewer: How would you ideally like to solve the problem? Stakeholder: For there to be no problem in the first place, everyone sits in the seat they have chosen or the seat assigned to them. Interviewer: Who will be the users of the system? Stakeholder: Our customers Interviewer: What level of education or training do the users have? Stakeholder: Their levels of education will vary Interviewer: What computer skills do the users have? Stakeholder: Any computer skills with customers will also vary from beginner to an experienced user Interviewer: What training needs do you expect for the future system? Stakeholder: All staff members will need training but the levels will vary as some staff maybe more experienced than others. This will be the same for the users Questionnaires This is a sample questionnaire which we have giving to customers about the system and about the Foyle theatre as well.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Customer 1 Customer 2 Customer 3 Wireframes 5.6 UI Mock-up/Paper Prototype

Critical Analysis of Interview with the Vampire Essay -- essays papers

Critical Analysis of Interview with the Vampire Charismatic. Charming. Sensual. Beautiful. Would you ever use these adjectives to describe a vampire? The common theme in portraying vampires in literature has always involved depictions of great violence, ugliness, and fear. Novels involving vampires never portrayed the vampire as a heroic character, but rather as the villain who was then destroyed in the end. Stereotypical vampires terrorized towns, lived in grim, dark, towering castles and turned into bats when in trouble. Authors were simply not inspired to build a tale around the life of a vampire, his shortcomings, his doubts, his fears. Rather, authors used the vampire as a metaphor for evil that resides in humanity. Essentially, vampires were the demons inside ourselves that we had to slay. In the 1970’s, Anne Rice reinvented the vampire genre by publishing Interview with the Vampire. Unlike other vampire novels, Interview was the life account of Louis du Pointe du Lac as an interview conducted throughout the night with a reporter recruited by Louis himself. Louis unlike the common stereotype is not a vicious killer. In fact, his tale is of his struggle to keep his humanity intact, to battle his nature and his thirst for blood. In reminiscing he introduces us to the colorful and vibrant vampire world inhabited by the likes of Lestat, Louis’ creator and lover; and Claudia, a child-vampire created by Louis and Lestat who later becomes Louis’ lover. The threesome becomes an unorthodox family unit, living in splendor and happiness. However, their happiness is not permanent as Claudia matures mentally but is forever stuck in the body of a child. There is a striking difference between the classic vampir... ... the charismatic, chic and sensual creatures have made their way into modern culture, the concept of vampirism has undertaken many new meanings. Meanings that are not associated with the thirst for blood and brutality, but rather a thirst for understanding. Vampires have metamorphosed into a metaphor for our human desires, needs and passions. No longer are they the metaphor for our dark side, but rather they’re an accepted part of us. Bibliography: Rice, Anne. Interview with the Vampire. Randomhouse: 1976. Tomc, Sandra. "Dieting and Damnation: Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire," Blood Read: The Vampire as Metaphor in Contemporary Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997, pp. 95-113. Waxman, Barbara Frey. â€Å"Postexistentialism in the Neo-Gothic Mode: Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire.† Mosaic, Vol. 25, No. 3, Summer, 1992, pp. 79-97

Nursing Theory Analysis Essay

Introduction As nurses, it is important to have a basic understanding of the nursing practice by reflecting on various nursing theories and principles used across a variety of clinical settings. Nursing theories serve as the foundation or the guiding principle of the nursing profession. In this paper, I am going to discuss two theories – the Health Belief Model and the Social Cognitive Theory – and their relevance to the nursing practice. Health Belief Model The Health Belief Model, commonly abbreviated as HBM, is a psychological model that predicts and explains health behaviors of individuals based on their beliefs and attitudes towards a particular health-related issue. This theory explains that an individual’s beliefs and attitudes about certain health problems, self-efficacy, barriers, and benefits to perceived action help create health-promoting behavior. It was created in the 1950s by US social psychologists Kegels, Rosenstock & Hochbaum in response to the unsuccessful nationwide tuberculosis screening program (Thurmond & Popkess-Vawter, 2003). The core statements and assumptions of the Health Belief Model is that a health-related action should be adhered because it could help prevent the likelihood of negative health conditions, such as chronic illnesses and infectious conditions. Once individuals acquire positive expectations over a specific health-promoting action, they can then avoid the occurrence of negative health con ditions (Potter & Perry, 2006). Application of the Health Belief Model into practice It is believed that the Health Belief Model is the main model used in the nursing process associated with health promotion and education, as well as illness prevention and protection. It has been utilized to describe various health protective activities within the primary, secondary, and tertiary level of health care. This framework serves as the basis for helping individuals engage in primary and secondary illness prevention. For instance, when nurses provide specific instructions to educate individuals that diseases could be prevented, this is part of the primary prevention that is associated with increasing the health-promoting activities of the population. If the nurse, on the other hand, educates an ill patient about how a certain disease should be treated, and the things to be avoided to prevent the disease from getting worse, this is part of the secondary level of prevention that is associated with preventing negative health conditions (Thurmond & Popkess-Vawter, 2003). Accordingly, by providing primary and secondary prevention, the patients’ perceived benefits will likely increase their anticipatory actions and lessen health risks associated with their conditions (Bandura, 2009). Another good example of a Health Belief Model applied into nursing practice, is when a nurse creates a discharge planning education for a patient diagnosed with heart illness. By letting the patient know before discharge the importance of undergoing regular monitoring and follow-up, as well as teaching the patient to reduce risk-taking behaviors, it could help increase a patient’s health awareness and possibly reduce readmissions in the future. But most importantly, the nurse must help the patient become accepting of the belief that discharge health educations could increase self-efficacy and improve the overall quality of life. It is important to note that the Health Belief Model is entirely reliant on the ability of the nurse to produce meaningful interventions to stimulate the cognitive sphere of the patients in terms of their health beliefs and culture (Potter & Perry, 2006). By understanding the patient’s personal values, culture, and family history the nurse could tentatively formulate how the patient views or accepts a disease condition. Finally, nurses must learn to create questions that could help identify or explore the patient’s perception about the illness or disease, so that they could have a more concrete idea about the beliefs and attitudes surrounding health-associated  matters of the patient. With the help of the Health Belief Model, nurses could positively and effectively engage in health education with proper understanding of individual perceptions, values, and attitudes toward a specific disease being addressed. Social Cognitive Theory The Social Cognitive Theory is a learning theory based on the perception that individuals could learn new behaviors or skills by observing others (Sandoval, 2008). These newly learned behaviors can be central to the development of one’s personality or set of skills necessary for his or her profession. While it is believed that the environment in which a person grows up or becomes affiliated to may contribute to the development of learning and behavior, the cognition or the actual learning process is also important for the acquisition of new behaviors and attitudes. Proponents of the Social Cognitive Theory state that people could learn by observing other people, with the help of the environment, and through behaviors as the main factors for influencing human development (Miller, 2005). Application of Social Cognitive Theory into nursing practice In this theory, there are five core concepts including modeling/learning, outcome expectations, development of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and goal setting. Among these five factors, the most important factor for behavior acquisition is the modeling/learning process. That is very important for the nursing profession. According to the Social Cognitive Theory, effective modeling educates strategies and general rules necessary for dealing with various life situations (Bandura, 2009). This is similar to how the student nurses learn nursing skills during their college years. When student nurses started working with their clinical instructors, who are registered and practicing nurses, they are being taught new nursing methods so that they could learn how to deal with different nursing roles and practices in a wide range of health care settings and patient populations (Miller, 2005). The Social Cognitive Theory serves as a guide for student nurses to acquire new nursing skills they could use in their profession. For example, student nurses learn the importance of hand washing and sterile gloving technique before engaging in surgeries from their nurse instructors.  But they could not learn the proper technique of hand washing and gloving if their instructors would not imitate or demonstrate the step-by-step method of doing it (Bandura, 2009). This is a good example of learned behavior through direction observation of another individual, which is one of the core concepts of the Social Cognitive Theory. According to Sandoval (2008), the use of Social Cognitive Theory could effectively help student nurses develop certain skills they need throughout their nursing career. Conclusion The Health Belief Model and the Social Cognitive Theory both play an important role for the professional nursing practice. From the discussions above, we have learned that the Health Belief Model focuses on the ability of nurses to educate patients about health attitudes to help promote quality of life while the Social Cognitive Theory centers on learning or acquiring new skills. Student nurses may learn new nursing skills by observing their clinical instructors about the proper way of doing things (Potter & Perry, 2006). Both of the theories have their respective importance and functions for the nursing profession, and they could be considered as two of the main guiding principles of the nursing practice – one focuses on health promotion and illness prevention and the other focuses on learning skills needed by nurses to address patient needs. When both of these theories are effectively utilized, nurses could have increased confidence and level of education to support patients and become competent in their practice. References Bandura, A. (2009). SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology. 52(1): 3–26. Miller, K. (2005). Communication Theories: Perspectives, Processes, and Contexts. NY: McGraw-Hill. Potter, P. & Perry, G. (2006). Fundamentals of nursing. St. Louis, MI: Elsevier Mosby. Sandoval, J. (2008). â€Å"Social Cognitive Theory: A Framework for Understanding Learning in a Nursing Student-preceptor Relationship how nursing students learn by doing In the Presence of a practicing nurse. Southern Nursing Research Society. 19(21): 22-29. Thurmond, V. & Popkess-Vawter, K. (2003). Examination of a middle range theory: Applying Astin’s input-environment-outcome (I-E-O) model to web-based education. Online Journal of Nursing Inf. 7(2).

The Qajar Dynasty of Persia

The Qajar Dynasty of Persia The Qajar Dynasty was an Iranian family of Oghuz Turkish descent that ruled Persia (Iran) from 1785 to 1925. It was succeeded by the Pahlavi Dynasty (1925–1979), Irans last monarchy. Under Qajar rule, Iran lost control of large areas of the Caucasus and Central Asia to the expansionist Russian Empire, which was embroiled in the Great Game with the British Empire. The Beginning The eunuch chief of the Qajar tribe, Mohammad Khan Qajar, established the dynasty in 1785 when he overthrew the Zand dynasty and took the Peacock Throne. He has been castrated at the age of six by the leader of a rival tribe, so he had no sons, but his nephew Fath Ali Shah Qajar succeeded him as Shahanshah, or King of Kings. War and Losses Fath Ali Shah launched the Russo-Persian War of 1804 to 1813 to halt Russian incursions into the Caucasus region, traditionally under Persian dominion. The war did not go well for Persia, and under the terms of the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan, the Qajar rulers had to cede Azerbaijan, Dagestan, and eastern Georgia to the Romanov Tsar of Russia. A second Russo-Persian War (1826 to 1828) ended in another humiliating defeat for Persia, which lost the rest of the South Caucasus to Russia. Growth Under the modernizing Shahanshah Nasser al-Din Shah (r. 1848 to 1896), Qajar Persia gained telegraph lines, a modern postal service, Western-style schools, and its first newspaper. Nasser al-Din was a fan of the new technology of photography, who toured through Europe. He also limited the power of the Shia Muslim clergy over secular matters in Persia. The shah unwittingly sparked modern Iranian nationalism, by granting foreigners (mostly British) concessions for building irrigation canals and railways, and for the processing and sale of all tobacco in Persia. The last of those sparked a nationwide boycott of tobacco products and a clerical fatwa, forcing the shah to back down. High Stakes Earlier in his reign, Nasser al-Din had sought to regain Persian prestige after the loss of the Caucasus by invading Afghanistan and attempting to seize the border city of Herat. The British considered this 1856 invasion a threat to the British Raj in India and declared war on Persia, which withdrew its claim. In 1881, the Russian and British Empires completed their virtual encirclement of Qajar Persia, when the Russians defeated the Teke Turkmen tribe at the Battle of Geoktepe. Russia now controlled what is today Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, on Persias northern border. Independence By 1906, the spend-thrift shah Mozaffar-e-din had so angered the people of Persia by taking out massive loans from the European powers and squandering the money on personal travels and luxuries that the merchants, clerics, and middle class rose up and forced him to accept a constitution. The December 30, 1906 constitution gave an elected parliament, called the Majlis, power to issue laws and confirm cabinet ministers. The shah was able to retain the right to sign laws into effect, however. A 1907 constitutional amendment called the Supplementary Fundamental Laws guaranteed citizens rights to free speech, press, and association, as well as the rights to life and property. Also in 1907, Britain and Russia carved Persia into spheres of influence in the Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1907. Regime Change In 1909, Mozaffar-e-dins son Mohammad Ali Shah tried to rescind the constitution and abolish the Majlis. He sent the Persian Cossacks Brigade to attack the parliament building, but the people rose up and deposed him. The Majlis appointed his 11-year-old son, Ahmad Shah, as the new ruler. Ahmad Shahs authority was fatally weakened during World War I, when Russian, British,  and Ottoman troops occupied Persia. A few years later, in February of 1921, a commander of the Persian Cossack Brigade called Reza Khan overthrew the Shanshan, took the Peacock Throne, and established the Pahlavi Dynasty.

Tourism Important Growth Industries Tourism Essay Essays

Tourism Important Growth Industries Tourism Essay Essays Tourism Important Growth Industries Tourism Essay Essay Tourism Important Growth Industries Tourism Essay Essay generated about US $ 856 billion in 2007 by some 903 million tourers worldwide [ WTO 2008 ] . Tourism has been defined in assorted ways but may be thought of as the relationships and phenomena originating out of the journeys and impermanent corsets of people going chiefly for leisure and recreational intents. [ Pearce, 1981 ] Tourism is a extremely diversified phenomenon. The word Tourism became current early in the nineteenth century as a same what disdainful equivalent word for traveller, but it is now used in the societal scientific disciplines without coloring material, to depict any individual whose motions fulfill two conditions that first, absence from place is comparatively short and 2nd, that money spent during absence is money derived from place and non earned from the topographic points visited [ Narayana, Raghavalu, Ramu, 2007 ] . Tourism is one of the largest and fast turning industry that makes a major part to the economic systems of most developed and developing states. Tourism activities have been spread outing quickly over the past few decennaries worldwide and farther growing is expected in the hereafter. The tourer originated when big Numberss of in-between category people began to fall in blue travelers. India is a state of rich cultural heritage. Within India, after the mid 1990 s, one province that performed unusually good in touristry is Kerala. Many sites and topographic points in Kerala pull more tourers and aliens. However, these sites and topographic points of tourers have an impact to the economic system. This impact could perchance veto or positive, will explicate subsequently on thesis. Furthermore, touristry possesses some societal deduction to the development of the industry. Purpose of the survey Tourism is one of the most of import escalating industries in the universe. This industry shows possible to the development states because of its legion economic benefits. Generation of foreign exchange, creative activity of income, coevals of employment, part to province gross and its associated regional development can be cited as the major economic benefits of touristry. The betterments in the quality of life of the host population and protection and saving of the natural and reinforced resources including biodiversity are the other perceptible developments of touristry development. [ Kumar, Sudheer 2007 ] As one of the universe s largest industries, touristry has the capacity to better the material life of communities that have lost traditional industries as trade barriers have fallen. However, touristry can besides hold terrible negative impacts such as imbibing, gaming, harlotry etc which has been bring forthing offense rates on a community, outweighing any economic and cultural benefits. Historic territories tend to amplify these negative effects, as deeply rooted occupants in a restricted physical environment live with touristry on a day-to-day footing. The intent of this survey is to analyze how the finish selling would be successful in Kerala, India by advancing niche touristry merchandises in order to get the better of some of these negative impacts. Tourism is a major phenomenon of the modern society with important socio-economic effects. Harmonizing to the World Travel and Tourism Council ( WTTC ) , Tourism is the universe s most quickly turning industry and by the twelvemont h 2005, the part of touristry to the universe economic system was more than doubled from the basal degree of 1994. For developing states, the World Tourism Organisation [ WTO, 1998 ] has recognised the nascent of touristry sector for the intent of poorness relief by increased occupation creative activity. Consequently many developing states are bettering their touristry planning and development attacks [ Hall 2000 ; Elliot 1997 ] . One tendency projected is the increasing portion of international touristry into South East Asiatic part, and India as a taking finish in this part is surely balanced to work this leaning, which it missed in 1880ss and 1890ss [ WTO 1998 ] . Tourism can raise the profile of a finish, pulling the involvement of investors and visitants likewise. It is non merely the instance that many states turn to tourism out of despair, but because it affords their population a better criterion of life. There are a figure of benefits that may be derived from touristry provided that it is managed decently. These have, of class, been good documented in touristry literature and might include the creative activity of employment, the reception of foreign exchange, the enlargement of other economic sectors, and infrastructural developments. In environmental and socio-cultural footings, touristry development can supply a stimulation and support for preservation, and the saving of cultural heritage and traditions. Some of the more intangible benefits may include the reclamation of cultural pride, the resurgence of imposts and traditions, and chances for cross-cultural exchange and integrating. Again, these are more hard to mensurate, but can be perceptible within local communities. Harmonizing to the surveies by the Government of Kerala, after mid 1890ss one province that performed unusually good in touristry is Kerala. Throughout this period, the province achieved growing in touristry higher than the national norm, and has now emerged as a taking sector of the economic system, with its impact increasing in footings of economic growing and employment generated. The province authorities recognises touristry as one of the few options available to develop the economic system, particularly in the surroundings of limited chances of the fabrication sector, jobs in the agricultural and traditional sectors, and the uncertainnesss confronting the expatriate employment in the Gulf [ GOK, 2006a ] . The touristry industry in Kerala witnessed significant growing during 1890ss and beyond and is expected to turn further in the hereafter. This growing peculiarly occurred in the background of the opening up of the Indian economic system and the general planetary tendency of increasing touristry activity seen across the states in the Asiatic part. Nonetheless it is besides the conjunct attempts of the authorities and industry that made Kerala one of the best performing touristry provinces in India [ Edward, Koshy 2007 ] . This survey focuses on the recent developments and issues in Homestay Tourism in Kerala, how the Homestay, rural and CBT [ community based touristry ] are related and the overall satisfaction of Homestay touristry from an proprietor s position. Homestay touristry is the new section of the touristry industry because there is a tendency towards an increased specialisation among tourers and an increasing concern about the environment. [ Phonwiset, Yomsatharn, Chusakul 2008 cited on: nubkk.nu.ac ] . Homestay is one type of touristry that promotes interaction between visitants and host households. There are few aims besides defined to accomplish the chief purpose of the research. They are: To measure the recent developments of Tourism in India/ Kerala To analyze the major challenges in Kerala touristry To critically measure the economic, societal, cultural and environmental challenges and advantages of Homestay touristry from the proprietor s position and for the local community To explicate recommendations on the hereafter development of Homestay touristry. Why research in this subject? The research worker has chosen thisA topicA because of the involvement in making a survey related to an upcomingA and challengingA sector of touristry. Kerala is theA nativeA topographic point of the research worker. Some of the research worker s relations and friend are running place corsets and resorts in Kerala and that would assist toA collectA the relevant information s andA information s about the chosen subject. Significance of the survey Tourism is one of the mostA prestigiousA turning industries in the universe. Tourism has an educational significance. It has a good consequence which is brought about through contact between people of different races and nationalities. Tourism involves cultural alterations and consequences in cultural enrichment of those who travel every bit good as of those at the having terminal [ Ghosh ] . Another significance of touristry is the economic benefit. Because of its assorted economic benefits, this industry seems to be the most promising sector to the developing states. It is aA low-costA operation and anA additionalA income bring forthing activity that providesA employmentA to the organized every bit good as unorganised labour. Tourism encompasses so many activities that areA indispensableA but unseeable links. Honnappa and Ramakrishna [ 2006 ] defined touristry as the amount of operation chiefly economic in nature, which straight related to the entry, stay and motion of alien, inside and outside a state, metropolis or part. A The most commonA definitionA given by the World Tourism organisation [ WTO, 2001A -cited on ignou.ac.in ] is A tourer is a individual who travelA to a placeA other than his usual topographic point of abode andA stays at hotels, orA other adjustment or constitution run on a commercial footing for the continuance of non less than 24 hours and non more than 6 months at a clip for pleasance, pilgrims journey, survey, wellness, meetings and concerns. Tourism is a undertaking with exceptionally pronounced strong backward and forward linkages. The travellers spent money to bask a assortment of goods, services and experiences. Definition of Footings Homestay Tourism refers to one form of touristry with accent on ecotourism and community based touristry, in which tourers will remain over dark with the host in the small towns. The hosts have to back up visitants like a member of the household and affect them in all sorts of activities and shared experiences. These activities have the aim of larning about locals life manner and support of occupants in the community [ Phonwiset, Yomsatharn, Chusakul 2008 cited on: nubkk.nu.ac ] . II LITERATURE REVIEW There are a figure of industries that play a polar function in the development of states. Tourism being one such industry that has emerged as the largest planetary industry in the twentieth century and is projected to turn even faster during the current century. Tourism when taken in its true sense has following features ; Resource based industry and consumes resources Creates waste Specific substructure demands All the characters are linked to the societal cloth of the host community. It has societal, cultural and environmental impacts with a possibility of over ingestion. The conceptual construction of the undertaking aims to look into the jobs and advantages of place stay touristry in Kerala, from an proprietor s position. In this subdivision the research worker efforts to research the countries such as ; History of Indian touristry Background of Kerala Definition of touristry Sustainable touristry Community based touristry Homestay touristry Tourist satisfaction History of Indian Tourism India is a Centre of two ancient civilisations of the worldA called theA Indus vale civilisation, A andA theA AryanA civilization.A Tourism development in India started in the early 1960ss. By that clip most of the other states have achieved a singular advancement in thisA areaA and has exploited to maximum possible extent. The best manner to present India as a tourer finish to aliens is that India is a state of all seasons and all reasons.A India s touristry resources have ever been considered immense. The geographical characteristics are diverse, colourful and varied. As such the resource potency is so much that it can provide to all sorts and gustatory sensations of tourers. India has an ancient tradition of touristry. It existed as an industry in the informal sector in ancient times and was indulged in by all categories of people. Mark Twain competently remarked about India on India [ National Tourism Policy 2002 ] that India is one state that is endowed with an imperishable involvement for foreign prince and foreign provincial, for the knowing and the ignorant, the wise and the sap, the rich and the hapless, the bonded and the free one land that all work forces desire to see and one time seen, by even a glance, would non give theA glance for allA the shows of all the remainder of theA Earth combined. A The integrity of India lies in its diverseness people bound together by centuries of common traditions, religion and doctrine [ Pran Nath, Sushma 1993 ] . The Indian touristry industry has recorded a phenomenal growing particularly from 1990s in footings of both international and domestic tourers reachings [ Honnappa, Ramakrishna 2006 ] . TheA ministryA of Indian touristry has launched a new programme called Athithi Devo Bhavah which meansA guestA is god. The inspiration behind this look is toA respectA because ; regard has ever been an indispensable portion of Indian psyche. Tourism, which is the 3rd largest foreign exchange earner in India, has started gainingA prominenceA to the publicA agendaA merely in recent old ages. Many states in the universe are trusting on touristry as one of the fastest turning sectors. In the Chief Ministers conference held on October 2001 [ National Tourism Policy 2002 ] the Prime Minister of India, Shri. Atal Bihari Vajpayee had stated that Tourism is a major phenomenon of economic growing in major parts of the world.A Many states have transformed their economic systems utilizing the touristry potenti al the fullestaˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦tourism has theA potentialA to make different types of employment in assorted sectors from the most specialised to the unskilledA and what India needs is theA generationA ofA massiveA productiveA employment chances . Tourism in India has a strong relevancy to economic development and employment coevals. It creates immense employment chances, provides just distribution of wealth, helps to get the much needed foreign exchange, brings out a speedy development and betterment of infrastructural installations. Developing states have given a particular importance for the development of touristry, for it is the chief beginning of gaining foreign exchange, thereby the economic position of the state goes up [ Honnappa, Ramakrishna 2006 ] .A noticeable alteration in theA holidayingA trendA wasA reportedA both the international and domestic tourers showed anA inclinationA towards adventure athleticss. India is easy but certainly rousing to its touristry potency. The result of many surveies hat has been done about touristry, states that India is a state with huge touristry resources and has suited for all sorts of touristries like eco-tourism, adventure touristry, religious touristry, athleticss touristry, cu ltural touristry and rural touristry. With little states like Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand areA allA readyA majorA tourist finishs ; India has toA struggleA toA promoteA itself to the universe touristsA [ Revathy 2008 ] . Tourism in Kerala Kerala, one of the smallest provinces lies in the southern seashore of India, is one of the leadingA proponentsA of touristry in assorted sectors.A Kerala has aA vastA and vibrantA sphere, where play unfolds in theA formA ofA spellA jumping heritage citesA station, A unA -spoilt beaches, picturesque hill, roaringA waterA falls, oldA templeA towns, alien wild life, A hustling metropoliss, surrounded with back Waterss, A variedA adventure athleticss and aA vibrantA manner of life.A Kerala is one of India s most advanced societies with about full literate people and first-class quality of life. [ Kumar, Sudheer 2007 ] . On its manner to going south, Kerala is one of the provinces that attract a big figure of tourers in South India.A In order toA tapA the tourer possible ofA so much history and such aA assortment of natural gifts, the Kerala authorities is taking a figure of stairss to better theA province s infrastructuresA likeA air, route and rail links. TheA stateA is germinating new schemes, making dynamic bluish prints and guaranting meticulousA executionA will do certain that theA stateA willA emergeA on top.A Developing universe category touristry merchandises needs heightening substructure, watercourse liningA disposal, strategicA allianceA and selling will guarantee that tourismA bringA sustainable growing and prosperity to Kerala besides known as Gods on Country [ Honnappa, Ramakrishna 2006 ] .A Definition of Tourism Tourism has been defined as the activities of individuals going to and remaining in topographic points outside of their usual environment for non more than one back-to-back twelvemonth for leisure, concern and other intents [ WTO 1998 ] . There are different words and significances for touristry such as Domestic Tourism: that involves occupants of the given state going merely within the state. Inbound Tourism: involves occupants going in the given state. Outbound Tourism: means occupants going in another state. International Tourism: consists of inbound and outward touristry [ WTO 1998 ] . Definitions of Homestay Tourism It is comparable to bed and breakfasts, but even less formal. A place stay belongings is a non commercialized, private abode that accommodates paying guest ( s ) who enjoy remaining in the comfort and security of a household place. These invitees frequently reside in the household place for an drawn-out period of clip, normally months instead than yearss. It is a safe, low-cost agencies of lodging popular amongst international pupils, housemans, going professionals and grownup visitants from other states, who are looking to see and larn approximately local life style and civilization [ cited on: onecaribbean.org ] Homestay is one type of touristry that promotes interaction between host households and tourers [ cited on: mekongtourism.org ] Homestay touristry refers to one form of touristry with accent on ecotourism and community based touristry, in which tourers will remain over dark with the host in the small towns. The hosts have to back up visitants like a member of the household and affect them in all sorts of activities and shared experiences. These activities have the aim of larning about locals life manner and support of occupants in the community [ Phonwiset, Yomsatharn, Chusakul 2008 cited on: nubkk.nu.ac Sustainable Tourism There is no widely accepted definition of sustainable touristry. It could, of class, be suggested that sustainable touristry should merely be about using the Brundtland Report definition of sustainability to touristry. This could take to a definition such as: Forms of touristry which meet the demands of tourers, the touristry industry, and host communities today without compromising the ability of future coevalss to run into their ain demands . There is another definition of sustainable touristry emphasizes the environmental, societal and economic elements of the touristry system. This definition means touristry which is economically feasible, but does non destruct the resources on which the hereafter of touristry will depend, notably the physical environment and the societal cloth of the host community [ Swarbrooke 1999 ] . Sustainable touristry is the touristry development that protects of import ecological and biological qualities and the procedure consequences in increased economic chance for local occupants and involves them in decision- devising, and respects the unity of cultural norms and traditions. Sustainable touristry development is based on the aim that it meets the demands of present tourers and host parts while protecting and heightening chances for the hereafter. It is envisaged as taking to direction of all resources in such a manner that economic, societal and aesthetic demands can be fulfilled while keeping cultural unity, indispensable ecological procedures, biological diverseness and life support system [ Ashraf, Fazili 2004 ] . For the development of touristry, the section has decided to develop policies, schemes and programs for sustainable touristry. The touristry program or policy is a gaming that will decidedly hold victors or also-rans that make the populace sector touristry policy a political issue. Tourism has powerful vested involvements that will seek to act upon the political procedure such as conveyance operators and hotelkeepers. Such sort of groups may besides oppose steps to do touristry more sustainable. Rather than giving importance to the virtues of touristry position point, the authorities and local communities are taking the touristry determinations for political grounds [ Swarbrooke 1999 ] . The construct of sustainability clearly embraces the environment, people and economic systems. Therefore sustainable touristry is based on ; societal advancement reflecting the demands for everyone, effectual protection of environment, prudent usage of natural resources, care of high and stable degrees of economic growing and employment. Harmonizing to Swarbrooke 1999, there are figure of obstructions that will restrict the function of the populace sector in touristry, planning and development. They are ; Tourism is merely a low precedence for the populace sector and at that place seems to be a deficiency of political will to develop sustainable touristry. The construct of public sector planning and ordinance are out of manner Many public sector organic structures lack the fiscal resources required to play a major function in touristry planning and development. There is deficiency of staff expertness in touristry in most public sector organisations around the universe. The series of election affects the willingness of politicians to do the sort of long term determinations on which sustainable touristry depends. Public sector is merely a minor participant in the touristry industry with least control over touristry merchandises. Sustainable touristry is lead by motivations like spirit of question, love of beauty, hunt for cognition and regard for nature. It aims at quality touristry which creates least harm to the natural, societal and cultural environment. The sustainable touristry hinges upon the overall direction as a feasible method in sustainable tourer activities. The overall quality attack renders the direction of merchandises particularly of tourer countries, highly sensitive to the penchants and outlooks of consumers. The private and public profitableness of a tourer finish will depend on the client sanitation, since they will return more frequently and remain longer and will convey a positive image of their vacation experience to others. However, as these penchants and outlooks include the demand for good scenes and consumer satisfaction, the profitableness of a tourer topographic point, will name for the development of schemes for sustainable development [ Honnappa, Ramakrishna 2006 ] Community Based Tourism Tourism can convey both benefits and jobs to an country. If good planned, developed and managed, touristry generates local occupations and income and provides chances for local enterprisers to set up touristry endeavors that lead to better the life criterions of occupants [ WTO 1998 ] . Community based touristry includes a scope of activities, services and comfortss provided by the rural people to pull tourer to their country in order to bring forth excess income. It is frequently considered ideal and inherently sustainable as it attracts manageable figure of visitants, does non necessitate much infrastructural development, does non devour excessively much of already scarce resources, does non necessitate high sum of skill base, and provides a beginning of income to locals besides continuing the local civilization and its traditions. One of the chief attractive forces of CBT is the extremely personal interactions between the host and the invitee where both parties can portion knowledge, thoughts and experience and as a effect addition the net incomes of local community with minimum investings. Events like, a dark out with the locals at their places, engagement in the lesser known small town spiritual or cultural events, an chance to take part in local activities like agribusiness, fishing or even populating with locals and sharing their nutrient, their lives and their business could supply the much needed bonus for community based touristry [ Mello 2008 ] . Tourism can convey both benefits and jobs to the local society and its cultural forms. Although more hard to mensurate than economic or environmental impacts, socio -cultural impacts are major considerations in developing touristry in any topographic point. These impacts can be particularly critical in states that still have strongly traditional economic systems and societies. Despite the fact that touristry can bring forth socio -cultural impacts, it is obvious that any sort of new development brings alterations. Tourism is one of the of import beginnings that can convey alterations in a society. A well planned, developed and managed touristry in a socially responsible mode can convey some sorts of socio -cultural benefits such as Improves the life criterions of people and helps pay for betterments to community installations and services, if the economic benefits of touristry are good distributed. Conserves the cultural heritage of an country which otherwise might be lost as a consequence of general development taking topographic point. Conservation of archaeological and historic sites was referred to under environmental impacts. In some topographic points touristry can be the drift for regenerating cultural forms which might be vanishing. Reinforces or even renews a sense of pride of occupants I their civilization, when they observe tourers appreciating it. Helps develop and keep museums, theaters and other cultural installations supported by touristry but the occupants can besides bask it. Tourism provides an chance for transverse civilization exchange between tourers and occupants who learn about, and come to esteem one another s civilization. This exchange can be best be achieved through certain signifiers of touristry educational and other types of particular involvement Tourss, village touristry and place visit programmes whereby tourer can set up to see local households. Methodology Introduction Research is a common phrasing that refers to a hunt for knowledge. More than a set of accomplishments, research is a manner of thought: examining critically the assorted facets of twenty-four hours -to-day professional work ; understanding and explicating steering rules that govern a peculiar process ; and developing and proving new theories for the sweetening of your pattern [ Kumar 2005:2 ] . Harmonizing to Kothari [ 1985:1 ] , research is an academic activity and as such the term should be used in a proficient usage. Redman and Mory [ 1923 ] define research as a systemized attempt to derive cognition [ cited by Kothari 1985 ] . In this chapter the research worker will specify the techniques that were used to accomplish the mark. Statement of methodological analysis Both primary and secondary informations have been used in this research work. Assorted beginnings of secondary informations used in this research. They are from books, newspapers, magazines, diaries, publications of the cardinal, province and local authoritiess, related web sites and studies of assorted links that related to the subject, studies prepared by research bookmans, universities, public records and statistics. Much attention has to be taken while roll uping the secondary informations. The dependability, suitableness and adequateness are some of the of import features of secondary informations. Harmonizing to Kothari [ 1985:138 ] , the dependability can be tested by happening out such things about the said informations: A ] who collected the information? B ] What were the beginnings of informations? C ] Were they collected by utilizing proper methods? D ] At what clip they were collected? E ] Was there any prejudice of the compiler? F ] What degree of truth was desired? G ] Was it achieved? Kumar [ 2005: 156 ] , has defined the significance of dependability as if a research tool is consistent and stable, and therefore, predictable and accurate, it is said to be dependable. The greater the grade of consistence and stableness in an instrument, the greater is its dependability. In the suitableness context, the research worker must be really carefully scrutinized the definition of assorted footings and units of aggregation used at the clip of roll uping the information from primary beginning originally. At the same clip, the object, range and nature of the original question must besides be studied. Adequacy of informations is the degree of truth achieved in informations found inadequate for the intent of the present question, they will be considered as unequal and should non be used by the research worker. The information will besides be considered unequal, if they are related to an country which may be either narrower or wider than the country of present question [ Kothari 1985 ] On the other manus, there would be a hazard factor in utilizing the already available informations as it should be used merely by the research worker finds them dependable, suited and equal. There are several methods that can be used to roll up primary informations. Since there is non that much academic research have taken topographic point in the current subject, the research worker has to research assorted facets of Homestay touristry, its benefits and issues from the proprietor s position point. In this model here, telephonic interviews utilizing structured questionnaires were used to garner the relevant information from the respondent ( Owner ) . The telephonic interviews are the method of roll uping information from respondents through telephone ( Kothari, 1985 ) . This method has non been widely used but plays a critical portion in industrial studies. From Kothari [ 1985 ] s position point the virtues of telephonic interviews are ; a ] more flexible in comparing to get offing method, B ] faster and a speedy manner of obtaining information, degree Celsius ] should be cheaper, 500 ] rate of response is higher, 500 ] no staff required. However, there are some demerits for this system. They are, a ] the clip cross given to respondents for considered reply is less, B ] interviews are restricted to respondents who have telephone installations, c ] possibility of the prejudice of the interviewer is comparatively more. On the other manus, questionnaires are one other manner to roll up information from the participants. Kumar [ 2005 ] , clearly points out the interview agenda and a questionnaire. The lone difference is that in the former it is the interviewer who ask the inquiries and records the respondent s answers on an interview agenda, and in the latter answers are recorded by the respondent s themselves. This differentiation is of import in accounting for the several strengths and failings of the two methods. The questionnaires are of two types, structured and unstructured. Structured questionnaires are those questionnaires in which there are definite, concrete and pre determined inquiries. The inquiries are presented with precisely the same diction and in the same order to all respondents. The signifier of the inquiries may be either closed i.e. , yes/no or unfastened i.e. ask foring free response, but should be stated in progress and non constructed during oppugning [ Kothari 1985:125 ] .